Boc-Arg-pNA HCl
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Boc-Arg-pNA HCl

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Category
BOC-Amino Acids
Catalog number
BAT-003004
CAS number
99306-64-6
Molecular Formula
C17H26N6O5HCl
Molecular Weight
430.90
Boc-Arg-pNA HCl
IUPAC Name
tert-butyl N-[(2S)-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-(4-nitroanilino)-1-oxopentan-2-yl]carbamate;hydrochloride
Synonyms
(S)-tert-Butyl(5-guanidino-1-((4-nitrophenyl)amino)-1-oxopentan-2-yl)carbamate hydrochloride; tert-butyl N-[(2S)-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-(4-nitroanilino)-1-oxopentan-2-yl]carbamate hydrochloride
Purity
≥ 95%
Boiling Point
664.3 °C at 760 mmHg
InChI
InChI=1S/C17H26N6O5.ClH/c1-17(2,3)28-16(25)22-13(5-4-10-20-15(18)19)14(24)21-11-6-8-12(9-7-11)23(26)27;/h6-9,13H,4-5,10H2,1-3H3,(H,21,24)(H,22,25)(H4,18,19,20);1H/t13-;/m0./s1
InChI Key
OUVONNGVXPOXGB-ZOWNYOTGSA-N
Canonical SMILES
CC(C)(C)OC(=O)NC(CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=C1)[N+](=O)[O-].Cl

Boc-Arg-pNA HCl, also known as Nα-(t-butoxycarbonyl)-L-arginine p-nitroanilide hydrochloride, is a synthetic peptide substrate widely utilized in diverse biochemical assays and research environments. Here are the key applications of Boc-Arg-pNA HCl, creatively presented with a high degree of perplexity and burstiness:

Protease Activity Assays: A cornerstone in enzymology, Boc-Arg-pNA HCl finds extensive use in evaluating the activity of proteolytic enzymes, especially serine proteases. As these enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of the substrate, liberating p-nitroaniline, the consequent absorbance can be quantified, allowing for detailed enzymatic kinetics exploration and the design of potent protease inhibitors.

Drug Development: In the dynamic realm of pharmaceutical research, Boc-Arg-pNA HCl emerges as a pivotal substrate for assessing and optimizing protease inhibitors. By scrutinizing the impact of test compounds on the cleavage of Boc-Arg-pNA HCl, researchers can discern promising drug candidates with specificity towards proteases implicated in conditions like hypertension and cancer, driving innovation in therapeutic discovery.

Biochemical Education: Introducing Boc-Arg-pNA HCl into academic laboratories enriches students' understanding of enzyme kinetics and substrate specificity. Through hands-on experimentation with this substrate, budding biochemists engage in calculating parameters like Km and Vmax, gaining invaluable practical insights into biochemical analyses. This immersive educational approach nurtures the scientific prowess of future molecular biologists.

Quality Control in Production: Within the industrial landscape, Boc-Arg-pNA HCl assumes a critical role in maintaining the integrity of enzyme preparations through stringent quality control measures. By integrating this substrate into standardized assays, manufacturers validate the consistency and efficacy of their enzyme products, ensuring unwavering quality standards and reliability in diverse biotechnological applications.

1. Standardized Hybrid Closed-Loop System Reporting
Viral N Shah, Satish K Garg Diabetes Technol Ther. 2021 May;23(5):323-331. doi: 10.1089/dia.2020.0622. Epub 2020 Nov 25.
The hybrid closed-loop (HCL) system has been shown to improve glycemic control and reduce hypoglycemia. Optimization of HCL settings requires interpretation of the glucose, insulin, and factors affecting glucose such as food intake and exercise. To the best of our knowledge, there is no published guidance on the standardized reporting of HCL systems. Standardization of HCL reporting would make interpretation of data easy across different systems. We reviewed the literature on patient and provider perspectives on downloading and reporting glucose metric preferences. We also incorporated international consensus on standardized reporting for glucose metrics. We describe a single-page HCL data reporting, referred to here as "artificial pancreas (AP) Dashboard." We propose seven components in the AP Dashboard that can provide detailed information and visualization of glucose, insulin, and HCL-specific metrics. The seven components include (A) glucose metrics, (B) hypoglycemia, (C) insulin, (D) user experience, (E) hyperglycemia, (F) glucose modal-day profile, and (G) insight. A single-page report similar to an electrocardiogram can help providers and patients interpret HCL data easily and take the necessary steps to improve glycemic outcomes. We also describe the optimal sampling duration for HCL data download and color coding for visualization ease. We believe that this is a first step in creating a standardized HCL reporting, which may result in better uptake of the systems. For increased adoption, standardized reporting will require input from providers, patients, diabetes device manufacturers, and regulators.
2. Biology and Treatment of Hairy Cell Leukemia
Jérôme Paillassa, Xavier Troussard Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2020 Apr 30;21(6):44. doi: 10.1007/s11864-020-00732-0.
Despite its rarity, hairy cell leukemia (HCL) remains a fascinating disease and the physiopathology is becoming more and more understood. The accurate diagnosis of HCL relies on the recognition of hairy cells by morphology and flow cytometry (FCM) in the blood and/or bone marrow (BM). The BRAF V600E mutation, an HCL-defining mutation, represents a novel diagnostic parameter and a potential therapeutic target. The precise cellular origin of HCL is a late-activated postgerminal center memory B cell. BRAF mutations were detected in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) of patients with HCL, suggesting that this is an early HCL-defining event. Watch-and-wait strategy is necessary in approximately 10% of asymptomatic HCL patients, sometimes for several years. Purine analogs (PNAs) are the established first-line options for symptomatic HCL patients. In second-line treatment, chemoimmunotherapy combining PNA plus rituximab should be considered in high-risk HCL patients. The three options for relapsed/refractory HCL patients include recombinant immunoconjugates targeting CD22, BRAF inhibitors, and BCR inhibitors. The clinical interest to investigate blood minimal residual disease (MRD) was recently demonstrated, with a high risk of relapse in patients with positive testing for MRD and a low risk in patients with negative testing. However, efforts must be made to standardize MRD analyses in the near future. Patients with HCL are at risk of second malignancies. The increased risk could be related to the disease and/or the treatment, and the respective role of PNAs in the development of secondary malignancies remains a topic of debate.
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