L(+)-Asparagine monohydrate
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L(+)-Asparagine monohydrate

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Asparagine (abbreviated as Asn or N) is one of the 20 most-common natural amino acids on Earth. It has carboxamide as the side-chain's functional group. Asn is not essential. Its codons are AAU and AAC. A reaction between asparagine and reducing sugars or other source of carbonyls produces acrylamide in food when heated to sufficient temperature. These products occur in baked goods such as French fries, potato chips, and toasted bread.

Category
L-Amino Acids
Catalog number
BAT-014296
CAS number
5794-13-8
Molecular Formula
C4H8N2O3.H2O
Molecular Weight
150.13
L(+)-Asparagine monohydrate
IUPAC Name
(2S)-2,4-diamino-4-oxobutanoic acid;hydrate
Synonyms
L-Asparagine monohydrate; Asparagine monohydrate; L-asparagine hydrate; Asparaginic acid semiamide; Asparaginic acid semiamide monohydrate; Asparagine H2O; H-Asn-OH H2O; H-L-Asn-OH H2O; L-alpha-Aminosuccinamic acid, monohydrate; L-Asn H2O
Appearance
white powder
Purity
>98%
Density
1.543 g/cm3
Melting Point
233-235 °C
Boiling Point
271.66±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Storage
Store at RT
InChI
InChI=1S/C4H8N2O3.H2O/c5-2(4(8)9)1-3(6)7;/h2H,1,5H2,(H2,6,7)(H,8,9);1H2/t2-;/m0./s1
InChI Key
RBMGJIZCEWRQES-DKWTVANSSA-N
Canonical SMILES
C(C(C(=O)O)N)C(=O)N.O

L(+)-Asparagine monohydrate, a naturally occurring amino acid, finds diverse applications in bioscience and industry. Here are four key applications presented with high perplexity and burstiness:

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Protein Synthesis Studies: Delving into the intricate realm of protein synthesis and amino acid metabolism, researchers utilize L(+)-Asparagine monohydrate to scrutinize these cellular processes. By integrating it into cell cultures, scientists track the uptake and utilization of amino acids during protein synthesis. This investigative approach aids in deciphering cellular growth, development, and the intricate pathways of protein expression.

Cell Culture Media: Serving as a pivotal ingredient in cell culture media, L(+)-Asparagine monohydrate plays a crucial role in supporting the growth and sustenance of diverse cell lines. It delivers essential nutrients that nurture cellular functions and proliferation, making it indispensable in biotechnological endeavors, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and tissue engineering ventures.

Nutraceuticals and Supplements: Within the burgeoning realm of nutraceuticals, L(+)-Asparagine monohydrate emerges as a key dietary supplement promoting overall health and wellness. Renowned for its ability to maintain amino acid balance, crucial for muscle growth and recovery, this amino acid is favored by athletes and health-conscious individuals seeking nutritional reinforcement through supplements.

1.Quantifying the Risks of Asparagine Deamidation and Aspartate Isomerization in Biopharmaceuticals by Computing Reaction Free-Energy Surfaces.
Plotnikov NV;Singh SK;Rouse JC;Kumar S J Phys Chem B. 2017 Feb 2;121(4):719-730. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b11614. Epub 2017 Jan 19.
Early identification of asparagine deamidation and aspartate isomerization degradation sites can facilitate the successful development of biopharmaceuticals. Several knowledge-based models have been proposed to assess these degradation risks. In this study, we propose a physics-based approach to identify the degradation sites on the basis of the free-energy barriers along the prechemical conformational step and the chemical reaction pathway. These contributions are estimated from classical and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics molecular dynamics simulations. The computed barriers are compared to those for reference reactions in water within GNG and GDG sequence motifs in peptides (which demonstrate the highest degradation rates). Two major factors decreasing the degradation rates relative to the reference reactions are steric hindrance toward accessing reactive conformations and replacement of water by less polar side chains in the solvation shell of transition states. Among the potential degradation sites in the complementarity-determining region of trastuzumab and between two DK sites in glial cell-derived neurotropic factor, this method identified N;30;T, N;55;G, D;102;G, and D;95;K, respectively, in agreement with experiments.
2.Serum metabolomic profile of incident diabetes.
Rebholz CM;Yu B;Zheng Z;Chang P;Tin A;Köttgen A;Wagenknecht LE;Coresh J;Boerwinkle E;Selvin E Diabetologia. 2018 May;61(5):1046-1054. doi: 10.1007/s00125-018-4573-7. Epub 2018 Mar 20.
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: ;Metabolomic profiling offers the potential to reveal metabolic pathways relevant to the pathophysiology of diabetes and improve diabetes risk prediction.;METHODS: ;We prospectively analysed known metabolites using an untargeted approach in serum specimens from baseline (1987-1989) and incident diabetes through to 31 December 2015 in a subset of 2939 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study participants with metabolomics data and without prevalent diabetes.;RESULTS: ;Among the 245 named compounds identified, seven metabolites were significantly associated with incident diabetes after Bonferroni correction and covariate adjustment; these included a food additive (erythritol) and compounds involved in amino acid metabolism [isoleucine, leucine, valine, asparagine, 3-(4-hydoxyphenyl)lactate] and glucose metabolism (trehalose). Higher levels of metabolites were associated with increased risk of incident diabetes (HR per 1 SD increase in isoleucine 2.96, 95% CI 2.02, 4.35, p = 3.18 × 10;-8;; HR per 1 SD increase in trehalose 1.16, 95% CI 1.09, 1.25, p = 1.87 × 10;-5;), with the exception of asparagine, which was associated with a lower risk of diabetes (HR per 1 SD increase in asparagine 0.
3.Autistic children exhibit distinct plasma amino acid profile.
Naushad SM;Jain JM;Prasad CK;Naik U;Akella RR Indian J Biochem Biophys. 2013 Oct;50(5):474-8.
In order to ascertain whether autistic children display characteristic metabolic signatures that are of diagnostic value, plasma amino acid analyses were carried out on a cohort of 138 autistic children and 138 normal controls using reverse-phase HPLC. Pre-column derivatization of amino acids with phenyl isothiocyanate forms phenyl thio-carbamate derivates that have a lamba(max) of 254 nm, enabling their detection using photodiode array. Autistic children showed elevated levels of glutamic acid (120 +/- 89 vs. 83 +/- 35 micromol/L) and asparagine (85 +/- 37 vs. 47 +/- 19 micromol/L); lower levels of phenylalanine (45 +/- 20 vs. 59 +/- 18 micromol/L), tryptophan (24 +/- 11 vs. 41 +/- 16 micromol/L), methionine (22 +/- 9 vs. 28 +/- 9 micromol/L) and histidine (45 +/- 21 vs. 58 +/- 15 micromol/L). A low molar ratio of (tryptophan/large neutral amino acids) x 100 was observed in autism (5.4 vs 9.2), indicating lesser availability of tryptophan for neurotransmitter serotonin synthesis. To conclude, elevated levels of excitatory amino acids (glutamate and asparagine), decreased essential amino acids (phenylalanine, tryptophan and methionine) and decreased precursors of neurotransmitters (tyrosine and tryptophan) are the distinct characteristics of plasma amino acid profile of autistic children.
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