LHRH (chicken)
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LHRH (chicken)

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It is a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) that stimulates the anterior pituitary to release gonadotropins, thereby regulating reproductive function.

Category
Peptide Inhibitors
Catalog number
BAT-010410
CAS number
47922-48-5
Molecular Formula
C54H71N15O14
Molecular Weight
1154.23
LHRH (chicken)
IUPAC Name
(2S)-N-[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[2-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-5-amino-1-[(2S)-2-[(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)carbamoyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1,5-dioxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxamide
Synonyms
H-Pyr-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Gln-Pro-Gly-NH2; L-pyroglutamyl-L-histidyl-L-tryptophyl-L-seryl-L-tyrosyl-glycyl-L-leucyl-L-glutaminyl-L-prolyl-glycinamide; [Gln8]-C517 (LH-RH), chicken; 8-Glutamine-LHRH; GNRH, Chicken I; 8-Gln-LHRH; LHRH-I; pGlu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Gln-Pro-Gly-NH2
Appearance
Powder
Purity
95%
Density
1.398g/cm3
Boiling Point
1812°C at 760 mmHg
Sequence
pGLU-HWSYGLQPG
Storage
Store at -20°C
Solubility
Soluble in Water
InChI
InChI=1S/C54H71N15O14/c1-28(2)18-37(49(78)64-36(13-15-43(55)72)54(83)69-17-5-8-42(69)53(82)59-24-44(56)73)63-46(75)25-60-47(76)38(19-29-9-11-32(71)12-10-29)65-52(81)41(26-70)68-50(79)39(20-30-22-58-34-7-4-3-6-33(30)34)66-51(80)40(21-31-23-57-27-61-31)67-48(77)35-14-16-45(74)62-35/h3-4,6-7,9-12,22-23,27-28,35-42,58,70-71H,5,8,13-21,24-26H2,1-2H3,(H2,55,72)(H2,56,73)(H,57,61)(H,59,82)(H,60,76)(H,62,74)(H,63,75)(H,64,78)(H,65,81)(H,66,80)(H,67,77)(H,68,79)/t35-,36-,37-,38-,39-,40-,41-,42-/m0/s1
InChI Key
WPKQYFUSPONRAT-BXXNOCLASA-N
Canonical SMILES
CC(C)CC(C(=O)NC(CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N1CCCC1C(=O)NCC(=O)N)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CC3=CNC4=CC=CC=C43)NC(=O)C(CC5=CN=CN5)NC(=O)C6CCC(=O)N6
1.Molecular cloning and characterization, and prokaryotic expression of the GnRH1 gene obtained from Jinghai yellow chicken.
Zhang T1, Zhang GX1, Han KP1, Tang Y1, Wang JY2, Fan QC1, Chen XS1, Wei Y1, Wang YJ3. Genet Mol Res. 2015 Mar 31;14(1):2831-49. doi: 10.4238/2015.March.31.14.
The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) plays an important role in the control of reproductive functions. Recent studies have reported the occurrence of GnRH molecular variants in numerous species. In this study, the GnRH1 gene from Jinghai yellow chicken was cloned by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and transformed into BL21 (DE3) competent cells. The GnRH1 gene and amino acid sequences were subjected to bioinformatic analyses. The GnRH1 gene nucleotide sequence was discovered to be 352 bp long, containing a coding, promoter, and section of the 3'-regions. The GnRH1 gene shared 93, 81, 54, 58, 61, 76, 76, 59, 76, and 66% sequence identity with Meleagris gallopavo, Columba livia, Homo sapiens, Bos taurus, swines, Capra hircus, Ovis aries, Pantholops hodgsonii, Equus caballus, and Rattus norvegicus, respectively. The GnRH1 gene showed conserved domains. The GnRH1 protein was a secreted protein comprising 92 amino acids, with a molecular weight of 10205.
2.Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and gonadal steroids regulate transcription factor mRNA expression in primary pituitary and immortalized gonadotrope cells.
Zheng W1, Grafer CM2, Kim J3, Halvorson LM4. Reprod Sci. 2015 Mar;22(3):285-99. doi: 10.1177/1933719114565031. Epub 2015 Jan 5.
Hormonal regulation of pituitary gonadotropin gene expression has been attributed to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-mediated stimulation of immediate early gene expression and gonadal steroid interactions with their respective nuclear receptors. A number of orphan nuclear receptors including steroidogenic factor 1, liver receptor homologue 1, dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia critical region, on chromosome X, gene 1, and chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factors I/II as well as the GATA family members, GATA2 and GATA4, have also been implicated in transcriptional regulation of the gonadotropin genes. We hypothesized that hormonally mediated changes in these latter transcription factors may provide an additional mechanism for mediating hormonal effects beyond the more classically appreciated pathways. In these studies, we demonstrate significant regulation of orphan nuclear receptor and GATA messenger RNA levels by GnRH, dihydrotestosterone, estradiol, and progesterone in both cultured primary pituitary cells and gonadotrope-derived cell line, LβT2.
3.An updated model to describe the neuroendocrine control of reproduction in chickens.
Bédécarrats GY1, Baxter M2, Sparling B3. Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2016 Feb 1;227:58-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.09.023. Epub 2015 Sep 26.
Since its first identification in quail 15years ago, gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) has become a central regulator of reproduction in avian species. In this review, we have revisited our original model published in 2009 to incorporate recent experimental evidence suggesting that GnIH acts as a molecular switch during the integration of multiple external and internal cues that allow sexual maturation to proceed in chickens. Furthermore, we discuss the regulation of a dual inhibitory/stimulatory control of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis involving the interaction between GnIH and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH). Finally, beyond seasonality, we also propose that GnIH along with this dual control may be responsible for the circadian control of ovulation in chickens, allowing eggs to be laid in a synchronized manner.
4.Response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone challenge: Seasonal variation in steroid production in a viviparous lizard, Tiliqua nigrolutea.
Edwards A1, Jones SM2. Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2015 Nov 10. pii: S0016-6480(15)30019-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.11.002. [Epub ahead of print]
The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis plays a central role in the regulation of gamete maturation, sex steroid production and the stimulation of reproductive behaviours in vertebrates. In seasonal breeders, the timely activation and deactivation of this control system is important to ensure successful reproduction: this process is not well understood in species which breed irregularly. Males of the viviparous blotched blue-tongued lizard, Tiliqua nigrolutea, breed annually, while females display a multiennial cycle. We investigated seasonal variation in hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis responsiveness in both sexes of T. nigrolutea. We measured changes in plasma concentrations of testosterone and estrogen in response to a single intraperitoneal injection of a GnRH agonist, chicken-II LH-RH, at three reproductively distinct times of year. Plasma testosterone concentrations in males were significantly increased during gonadal quiescence, but not initial or final spermatogenesis.
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