1.NH-Heterocyclic Aryliodonium Salts and their Selective Conversion into N1-Aryl-5-iodoimidazoles.
Wu Y1, Izquierdo S1, Vidossich P2, Lledós A3, Shafir A4. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2016 May 3. doi: 10.1002/anie.201602569. [Epub ahead of print]
The synthesis of N-arylimidazoles substituted at the sterically encumbered 5-position is a challenge for modern synthetic approaches. A new family of imidazolyl aryliodonium salts is reported, which serve as a stepping stone on the way to selective formation of N1-aryl-5-iodoimidazoles. Iodine acts as a "universal" placeholder poised for replacement by aryl substituents. These new λ3 -iodanes are produced by treating the NH-imidazole with ArI(OAc)2 , and are converted to N1-aryl-5-iodoimidazoles by a selective copper-catalyzed aryl migration. The method tolerates a variety of aryl fragments and is also applicable to substituted imidazoles.
2.Role of bone marrow maturity, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor and forkhead box protein N1 in thymic involution and rejuvenation.
Tasaki M1, Villani V1, Shimizu A1, Sekijima M1, Yamada R1, Hanekamp IM1, Hanekamp JS1, Cormack TA1, Moran SG1, Kawai A1, Sachs DH1,2, Yamada K1,2. Am J Transplant. 2016 May 4. doi: 10.1111/ajt.13855. [Epub ahead of print]
Thymic involution is associated with age-related changes of the immune system. Utilizing our innovative technique of transplantation of a thymus as isolated vascularized graft in MHC-inbred miniature swine, we have previously demonstrated that aged thymi are rejuvenated after transplantation into juvenile swine. Here we have studied the role of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and forkhead-box protein-N1 (FOXN1) as well as bone marrow (BM) in thymic rejuvenation and involution. We examined thymic rejuvenation and involution by means of histology and flow cytometry. Thymic function was assessed by the ability to induce tolerance of allogeneic kidneys. Aged thymi were rejuvenated in a juvenile environment, and successfully induced organ tolerance, while juvenile thymi in aged recipients involuted and had a limited ability to induce tolerance. However, juvenile BM inhibited the involution process of juvenile thymi in aged recipients. An elevated expression of both FOXN1 and IGF1 receptors (IGF-1R) was observed in juvenile thymi and rejuvenated thymi.
